Director's Message

I am very pleased to report to the TANMS team that we have seen incredible growth during the last year in all of the ERC’s program areas. This growth spans from the maturation of our educational program, to increased involvement of our industrial partners, to finally stellar performance by our student population.

In regards to our educational program this summer, we have hosted an incredible group of Young Scholars from two Los Angeles based high schools, Westchester Enriched Sciences Magnet and Dorsey. I am extremely impressed by these students’ focus, as well as their desire to continue into engineering programs (>90%) as they begin applying this fall to college programs. We have also hosted a remarkable group of undergraduate students from a wide range of diverse institutions nationwide who are contributing significantly to TANMS’ research mission. Finally, the group of high school teachers in our Research Experience for Teachers (RET) program is making fabulous strides in advancing our educational mission by integrating multiferroic concepts into their core science curriculum—with the ultimate intent of classroom integration. I want to thank each and every one (YSP/REU/RET) of these new educational members for the hard work they put into advancing our outreach mission.

I also greatly appreciated the engagement this past year from our Industrial Advisory Board. Our IAB has actively participated in career panel sessions, offered research direction and budgeting input, as well as S.W.O.T. (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis to critically assess TANMS as a whole. With this in mind, we hope to greatly increase the number of participating IAB member firms this coming year. Please let us know if you can introduce us to any potential new IAB firms who can add value to our Innovation Ecosystem.

Finally I would like to introduce the community to the three research highlights accomplishments during the last year by our graduate student population. First, there is the ‘cutting-edge’ work of recently graduated Dr. Jizhai Cui on developing a new approach to rotate magnetization a full 360 degree using a combination of shape and magnetoelastic anisotropy with an applied voltage. We have also had a significant advancement by Shaunna Robbenolt who experimentally observed voltage control of magnetic anisotropy in the smallest magnetic structure ever reported (i.e. 5 nm). Finally, the new finite difference time domain code combining Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations with Maxwell’s developed by Zhi (Jackie) Yao demonstrates our new electrically small multiferroic antennas are far superior to similar size conventional antennas and represents a major milestone for our team. While these three students epitomize the dedication and abilities of our student body, there are so many other students who are equally deserving of both congratulations and thanks for the hard work and advancements they have made. I continue to be amazed at our team’s strength and am looking forward to seeing the major progress our team achieves during the upcoming year. It’s exciting to watch as our library of Intellectual Property continues to grow.

Please enjoy our latest issue of the TANMS Multiferroic Focus Newsletter!

TANMS Faculty Named Recipient of the Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers

In February, TANMS faculty, Professor Sayeef Salahuddin, was named by President Obama as one of 105 recipients of the Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers, the highest honor bestowed by the United States Government on science and engineering professionals in the early stages of their independent research careers.  Dr. Salahuddin is an associate professor with UC Berkeley Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and a member of TANMS 2-D Thrust.  It is an honor to have Dr. Salahuddin as part of the TANMS family.

For the full White House press release, go to https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2016/02/18/president-obama-honors-extraordinary-early-career-scientists .

During this past year, our 3D (Motor) thrust made strides toward multiferroic coupling to the environment, with advances coming in both design and fabrication. After making the decision to focus on control of bead-based systems, the team examined novel concepts to achieve full 360° rotation of magnetization. Among these concepts, we focused our efforts on using customized electrode waveforms (which turned out to be non-intuitive) as well as asymmetric ring shape to enhance our control of ring magnetization. As one example, we combined state of the art multiphysics modeling (magnetic, mechanical, electrical, fluidic) with optimization algorithms to find waveforms that will guide the magnetization around a magnetic disk in a way that provides for smooth rotation of a magnetic bead that is coupled to the disk. Additionally, we investigated the fabrication of polymer interposer layers that reside between the piezoelectric substrate and magnetoelastic structures and are currently assessing the ability of these layers to provide more uniform, robust strain transfer (and therefore more robust control of magnetization) even when various ferroelectric domain structures are present.  We believe the multiferroic approach for coupling to magnetic particles will provide unique capability due to its ability to locally control magnetic fields at the nanoscale using low voltage signals. The most cited benefit of multiferroics, its ability to use voltage control as opposed to current control to achieve miniaturization, is indeed a powerful motivation. We believe, however, that the ability to locally control magnetic fields may be just as powerful because it opens the door to massive parallel control of magnetic particles. Whereas current systems that use external magnets to apply forces can typically only achieve a single, uniform force at anytime, multiferroics allow for simultaneously manipulation of particles. We believe this parallel processing could find uses ranging from directed assembly (e.g., 3D printing) of particles for new types of metamaterials leading to higher speed, higher fidelity particle sorting (e.g., cell sorting in life sciences). Moving forward, we are excited to take an in-depth look at the new applications created by massive parallel control of particles, enabled by multiferroics.

1st Place: Team Sepulveda I (Alexis Munoz and Kyle Rivera; Graduate Mentor: Cai Chen)

2nd Place: Team Sepulveda II (Michael Guevara and Niyousha Rouzrokh; Graduate Mentor: Cai Chen)

3rd Place: Team Kioussis (Marquise Bartholomew and Ivan Merino; Graduate Mentor George Mattson) 

Colin Rementer President UCLA	Stephen Sasaki Vice President UCLA	Andres Chavez Treasurer UCLA	Xiang (Shaun) Li Student Industry Liaison Officer UCLA	Kevin Fitzell Student Education Liaison Officer UCLA
Melissa Healy Campus Rep Northeastern University	George Mattson Campus Rep CSU Northridge	Rachel Steinhardt Campus Rep Cornell University	Auni Kundu Campus Rep/Event Planner UCLA

	Abraham Buditama is a sixth-year PhD student under Professor Sarah Tolbert in UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry.  Abraham holds a B.S. in Chemistry from the California Institute of Technology. His research primarily focuses on using sol-gel templating to generate new nanomaterials for multiferroic composites. Other interests include molecular and crystallographic symmetry, as well as typography and document structure.  Abraham served as the President of the TANMS Student Leadership Council from 2013 through 2015 and made significant contributions to the TANMS Student Body and the TANMS Education Program during his two terms.   Abraham is in the process of completing his PhD, and is currently looking for positions in research, policy, or publishing.
	Hwaider Lin is a fifth-year doctoral candidate under Professor Nian Sun in Northeastern University Department of Electrical Engineering. He received his B.S. in Power Mechanical Engineering at National Tsing Hua University in Taiwan. Hwaider was the president of Taiwanese Graduate Student Association in Northeastern University from 2013 to 2015. He has three years of ANSYS HFSS and Comsol Multiphysics design experience with microwave devices, three years of cleanroom experience at Northeastern and one year at Harvard. He has several years of designing, fabricating, and testing experience in RF microwave projects such as multiferroic devices, NEMS magnetoelectric antennas, NEMS magnetoelectric tunable bandpass filters, integrated non-reciprocal tunable bandpass filters, circular polarization antennas, phase shifters, isolators, circulators, and RFID system. Hwaider is set to finish his Ph.D. early in Fall 2016 and he is interested in pursuing positions in academia or R&D.
	Mario Lopez recently received his M.S. in Mechanical Engineering from California State University, Northridge.  He worked under Professor George Youssef in the Experimental Mechanics Laboratory and has been an active participant of TANMS. His research focused on the characterization of concentrically bonded multiferroic rings. The goal of his research project was to experimentally understand the dependency of the converse magneto-electric coupling coefficient of a multiferroic composite annulus on the interface boundary condition, the applied electric field and bias magnetic field. Mario's accomplishments include co-authoring a paper published by the Journal of Applied Physics, and presenting at the 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition and the XIII SEM International Congress. Mario is currently searching for an engineering role in the greater Los Angeles area where he can further his research and engineering skills. He is also eagerly awaiting to become a first-time father later this year.
	Roberto Lo Conte received his B.S. and M.S. in Physics Engineering at the Politecnico di Milano (Italy) in 2009 and 2012, and his M.S. in Engineering (Microelectronics) at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) of Stockholm (Sweden) in 2012. His graduation final project was focused on the development of a new spintronic device: a metallic spin-flip-based laser. After his undergrad studies, Roberto joined the Institute of Physics of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz (Germany) as a PhD student, where he received his Doctorate in Physics in December 2015. His PhD project was focused on the investigation of Spin-orbit torques and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in low symmetry magnetic hetero-structures. He is currently a postdoctoral fellow under Professor Jeff Bokor at University of California, Berkeley. His research interests have mainly focused on the investigation of novel magnetic materials systems, which could lead to the development of more energy efficient spintronic devices. The study of magneto-transport properties and non-trivial spin structures represent his main scientific activities, with a particular focus on the investigation of current-induced domain wall motion in magnetic nanowires. His current research topic is the investigation of electric field-controlled motion of magnetic domain walls in multiferroic hetero-structures, which offer a new path towards the development of ultra-high energy efficient memory, logic, and microfluidic devices.
	Scott Strutner is a fifth-year mechanical engineering Ph.D. student in Professor Gregory Carman’s Active Materials Laboratory at the University of California, Los Angeles. His research started on optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) for structural health monitoring in structural composites via strain measurement and expanded to FBGs for magnetic field sensing for magnetic inspection and structural health monitoring. While at UCLA, Scott interned at RAND Corporation for a summer researching how research and Technology transfer is performed in the US. Scott will be graduating in August 2016, and is very excited to begin his new job at Northrop Grumman in the Future Technical Leaders rotational program as a Systems Engineer. Prior to UCLA Scott majored in mechanical engineering at University of California, Santa Barbara. Over summers he interned at NASA, and in Germany and Ireland. At those he researched respectively each, the problem of lunar micro rover’s overheating, how to improve paper quality by filtering recycled paper pulp fibers, and finally the physics of bubbles as an example of friction-less media. He grew up in San Jose, CA where he spent his spare time in high school on the robots team competing in FIRST Robotics competitions.
	Shauna Robbennolt is a fifth-year graduate student under Professor Sarah Tolbert in UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry.  Shauna is planning to complete her PhD this summer. Her doctoral research has been in the area of materials science/chemistry and her dissertation focuses on tailoring the magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of nanostructured materials using solution-phase methods. Within TANMS, she has been working on developing ferrite thin films tailored to the multiferroic antenna, and investigating nanocrystal-based free-layer materials for magnetoelectric memory applications. Shauna is excited to be moving to Barcelona, Spain later this year where she will be starting a post-doctoral position working on fabricating nanoporous materials for use in low-energy spintronic devices. She is still unsure of her long term plans, but hopes to find a position in which she can leverage both her scientific and communication skills to make a positive impact. In her spare time she enjoys boogie boarding, photography and learning new things. She particularly enjoys reading about and taking classes on finance, economics and international affairs as a systems engineer.

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39 and Counting: TANMS Growing List of 2016 Publications

Akyol, M., Jiang, W., Yu, G., Fan, Y., Gunes, M., Ekicibil, A., . . . Wang, K. L. (2016). Effect of heavy metal layer thickness on spin-orbit torque and current-induced switching in Hf|CoFeB|MgO structures. Applied Physics Letters, 109(2), 022403. doi:doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4958295

Belemuk, A. M., Udalov, O. G., Chtchelkatchev, N. M., & Beloborodov, I. S. (2016). Competition of magneto-dipole, anisotropy and exchange interactions in composite multiferroics. Journal of Physics-Condensed Matter, 28(12). doi:Artn 126001

Bhaskar, U. K., Banerjee, N., Abdollahi, A., Wang, Z., Schlom, D. G., Rijnders, G., & Catalan, G. (2016). A flexoelectric microelectromechanical system on silicon. Nature Nanotechnology, 11(3), 263-+. doi:10.1038/Nnano.2015.260

Chavez, A. C., Lopez, M., & Youssef, G. (2016). Converse magneto-electric coefficient of concentric multiferroic composite ring. Journal of Applied Physics, 119(23), 233905.

Chien, D., Li, X., Wong, K., Zurbuchen, M. A., Robbennolt, S., Yu, G., . . . Wang, K. L. (2016). Enhanced voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy in magnetic tunnel junctions with an MgO/PZT/MgO tunnel barrier. Applied Physics Letters, 108(11), 112402.

Emori, S., Nan, T., Belkessam, A. M., Wang, X., Matyushov, A. D., Babroski, C. J., . . . Sun, N. X. (2016). Interfacial spin-orbit torque without bulk spin-orbit coupling. Physical Review B, 93(18), 180402.

Fang, B., Carpentieri, M., Hao, X., Jiang, H., Katine, J. A., Krivorotov, I. N., . . . Zhang, B. (2016). Giant spin-torque diode sensitivity in the absence of bias magnetic field. Nature Communications, 7.

Gao, Y., Hu, J.-M., Nelson, C., Yang, T., Shen, Y., Chen, L., . . . Nan, C. (2016). Dynamic in situ observation of voltage-driven repeatable magnetization reversal at room temperature. Scientific Reports, 6, 23696.

Gopman, D., Lau, J., Mohanchandra, K., Wetzlar, K., & Carman, G. (2016). Determination of the exchange constant of Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2 by broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Physical Review B, 93(6). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.064425

Grezes, C., Ebrahimi, F., Alzate, J., Cai, X., Katine, J., Langer, J., . . . Wang, K. (2016). Ultra-low switching energy and scaling in electric-field-controlled nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions with high resistance-area product. Applied Physics Letters, 108(1), 012403.

Grezes, C., Rojas Rozas, A., Ebrahimi, F., Alzate, J. G., Cai, X., Katine, J. A., . . . Wang, K. L. (2016). In-plane magnetic field effect on switching voltage and thermal stability in electric-field-controlled perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions. Aip Advances, 6(7), 075014. doi:doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4959593

Holtz, M. E., Mundy, J. A., Chang, C. S., Moyer, J. A., Brooks, C. M., Das, H., . . . Muller, D. A. (2016). Imaging Local Polarization and Domain Boundaries with Picometer-Precision Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 22(SupplementS3), 898-899. doi:doi:10.1017/S143192761600533X

Hu, J.-M., Yang, T., Momeni, K., Cheng, X., Chen, L., Lei, S., . . . Carman, G. P. (2016). Fast magnetic domain-wall motion in a ring-shaped nanowire driven by a voltage. Nano Letters.

Jiang, W., Zhang, W., Yu, G., Jungfleisch, M. B., Upadhyaya, P., Somaily, H., . . . Heinonen, O. (2016). Mobile Néel skyrmions at room temperature: status and future. Aip Advances, 6(5), 055602.

Jiang, W., Zhang, X., Upadhyaya, P., Zhang, W., Yu, G., Jungfleisch, M., . . . Wang, K. (2016a). Observation of room-temperature skyrmion Hall effect. Bulletin of the American Physical Society.

Jiang, W., Zhang, X., Upadhyaya, P., Zhang, W., Yu, G., Jungfleisch, M., . . . Wang, K. (2016b). Observation of room-temperature skyrmion Hall effect. Paper presented at the APS Meeting Abstracts.

Keller, S. M., Liang, C.-Y., & Carman, G. P. (2016). Voltage Control of Single Magnetic Domain Nanoscale Heterostructure, Analysis and Experiments Mechanics of Composite and Multi-functional Materials, Volume 7 (pp. 231-234): Springer.

Ko, C., Lee, Y., Chen, Y., Suh, J., Fu, D., Suslu, A., . . . Tongay, S. (2016). Ferroelectrically Gated Atomically Thin Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenides as Nonvolatile Memory. Advanced Materials.

Labanowski, D., Jung, A., & Salahuddin, S. (2016). Power absorption in acoustically driven ferromagnetic resonance. Applied Physics Letters, 108(2), 022905.

Lee, H., Ebrahimi, F., Amiri, P. K., & Wang, K. L. (2016). Low-Power, High-Density Spintronic Programmable Logic With Voltage-Gated Spin Hall Effect in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions. IEEE Magnetics Letters, 7, 1-5.

Lee, H., Gr, C., x00E, zes, Wang, S., Ebrahimi, F., . . . Wang, K. L. (2016). Source Line Sensing in Magneto-Electric Random-Access Memory to Reduce Read Disturbance and Improve Sensing Margin. IEEE Magnetics Letters, 7, 1-5. doi:10.1109/LMAG.2016.2552149

Li, L., Xue, F., Nelson, C., Melville, A., Heikes, C., Schlom, D., . . . Pan, X. (2016). Size Effect on Spontaneous Flux-closure Domains in BiFeO 3 Thin Films. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 22(SupplementS3), 1596-1597. doi:doi:10.1017/S1431927616008825

Li, M., Lu, J., Yu, G., Li, X., Han, G., Chen, X., . . . Wang, K. L. (2016). Influence of inserted Mo layer on the thermal stability of perpendicularly magnetized Ta/Mo/Co20Fe60B20/MgO/Ta films. Aip Advances, 6(4), 045107. doi:doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4947075

Liang, C.-Y., Sepulveda, A., Keller, S., & Carman, G. P. (2016). Deterministic switching of a magnetoelastic single-domain nano-ellipse using bending. Journal of Applied Physics, 119(11), 113903.

Nan, T., Emori, S., Peng, B., Wang, X., Hu, Z., Xie, L., . . . Luo, H. (2016). Control of magnetic relaxation by electric-field-induced ferroelectric phase transition and inhomogeneous domain switching. Applied Physics Letters, 108(1), 012406.

Ong, P. V., & Kioussis, N. (2016). Ab initio prediction of giant magnetostriction and spin-reorientation in strained Au/FeCo/MgO heterostructure. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 400, 262-265. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.07.065

Ong, P. V., Kioussis, N., Amiri, P. K., & Wang, K. L. (2016). Electric-field-driven magnetization switching and nonlinear magnetoelasticity in Au/FeCo/MgO heterostructures. Scientific Reports, 6, 29815. doi:10.1038/srep29815

Tang, J., Yu, G., Wang, C.-Y., Chang, L.-T., Jiang, W., He, C., & Wang, K. L. (2016). Versatile Fabrication of Self-Aligned Nanoscale Hall Devices using Nanowire Masks. Nano Letters.

Wang, C., Ke, X., Wang, J., Liang, R., Luo, Z., Tian, Y., . . . Zhang, J. (2016). Ferroelastic switching in a layered-perovskite thin film. Nat Commun, 7. doi:10.1038/ncomms10636

Wang, K. (2016). (Invited) Towards Topological Antiferromagnetic Spintronics. Paper presented at the PRiME 2016/230th ECS Meeting (October 2-7, 2016).

Wang, K. L. (2016a). Spin Orbit Interaction Engineering for beyond Spin Transfer Torque memory. Bulletin of the American Physical Society.

Wang, K. L. (2016b). Spin Orbit Interaction Engineering for beyond Spin Transfer Torque memory. Paper presented at the APS Meeting Abstracts.

Wang, S., Lee, H., Ebrahimi, F., Amiri, P. K., Wang, K. L., & Gupta, P. (2016). Comparative Evaluation of Spin-Transfer-Torque and Magnetoelectric Random Access Memory. IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, 6(2), 134-145. doi:10.1109/JETCAS.2016.2547681

Wu, D., Yu, G., Shao, Q., Li, X., Wu, H., Wong, K. L., . . . Wang, K. L. (2016). In-plane current-driven spin-orbit torque switching in perpendicularly magnetized films with enhanced thermal tolerance. Applied Physics Letters, 108(21), 212406.

Yang, X., Zhou, Z., Nan, T., Gao, Y., Yang, G., Liu, M., & Sun, N. (2016). Recent advances in multiferroic oxide heterostructures and devices. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 4(2), 234-243.

Youssef, G., Ainsworth, E., Shapiro, C. A., Whang Sayson, H., & Levis-Fitzgerald, M. (2016). Comprehensive Research Experience for Undergraduates. Paper presented at the 2016 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Proceedings.

Youssef, G., & Arutyunov, V. (2016). An Approach to Integrating Systems Engineering into Senior Design. Paper presented at the 2016 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Proceedings.

Yu, G., Akyol, M., Upadhyaya, P., Li, X., He, C., Fan, Y., . . . Wong, K. L. (2016). Competing effect of spin-orbit torque terms on perpendicular magnetization switching in structures with multiple inversion asymmetries. Scientific Reports, 6.

Yu, G., Upadhyaya, P., Li, X., Li, W., Kim, S. K., Fan, Y., . . . Wang, K. L. (2016). Room-Temperature Creation and Spin–Orbit Torque Manipulation of Skyrmions in Thin Films with Engineered Asymmetry. Nano Letters, 16(3), 1981-1988.